Understanding thyroid nodules

Understanding thyroid nodules

What are thyroid nodules?

Thyroid nodules are abnormal growths or lumps that develop within the thyroid gland, located in the front of the neck. These nodules can be solid masses or fluid-filled sacs, also known as cysts. "Thyroid nodules are quite common and often harmless, but it's important to have them evaluated to rule out any potential concerns," says Palak B. Patel, MD, Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) at ARC Round Rock.

What are some common causes of thyroid nodules?

Several factors can lead to the development of thyroid nodules. The most common cause is an overgrowth of thyroid tissue, which can occur due to benign conditions like goiter or inflammation of the thyroid. Other causes include iodine deficiency, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism. In some cases, nodules may be linked to cancer or other serious conditions, although this is less common.

Symptoms such as weight loss, tremors, nervousness, and an irregular heartbeat can indicate hyperthyroidism. Symptoms of weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and hair and cold sensitivity may indicate hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone therapy may be prescribed by an endocrinologist if hormone production is affected. If a nodule is not large or causing significant issues, it can often be left alone and monitored for changes.

Do thyroid nodules need to be removed?

Whether or not a thyroid nodule requires removal depends on several factors, including the size of the lump, symptoms, and whether it is cancerous. Large nodules that cause swelling in the neck, trouble breathing, or difficulty swallowing may need to be surgically removed. Additionally, if a nodule is found to be cancerous, surgery is often recommended to prevent the spread of thyroid cancer. In other cases, nodules that don't cause symptoms or present a low risk of cancer may only require monitoring through regular medical examinations. A thyroid nodule biopsy is generally performed to determine the best course of action.

What is a thyroid nodule biopsy?

This is an in-clinic procedure where several needles are used to obtain tissue samples of thyroid nodules. Pathological and genetic analysis of this tissue can help determine risk of malignancy within the thyroid nodule.

Learn more about thyroid and parathyroid conditions.

"While thyroid nodules are common and often benign, their treatment depends on the presence of symptoms, size, and risk of cancer," says Dr. Patel. "If you notice a lump or swelling in your neck, it's important to have a medical examination to assess the nodule and determine the best course of action."

Make an appointment today

Dr. Patel sees patients of all ages. Make an appointment through ARC MyChart, ARC Help Me Book, or by calling ARC Round Rock at 512-244-9024.

About ARC in Round Rock

There are two ARC clinics in Round Rock, ARC Round Rock and ARC Sendero Springs.

ARC Round Rock offers Allergy and Asthma, Audiology, Cardiology, Dermatology, Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT), Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, Podiatry, Rheumatology, and Sports & Musculoskeletal Medicine. ARC Round Rock also offers After Hours Care.

ARC Sendero Springs offers Family Medicine and ARC Healthiness Program services.

Tags: Thyroid, Thyroid Nodules