At ARC, we have two types of doctors, doctors of osteopathic medicine (DOs) and doctors of medicine (MDs):
Education and training
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO): A DO is a physician licensed to practice medicine, perform surgery, and prescribe medication. Like MDs, DOs complete four years of medical school and can choose to practice in any specialty of medicine. However, osteopathic physicians receive an additional 300 - 500 hours focusing on the study of the body's musculoskeletal system.
Doctor of Medicine (MD): MDs are allopathic doctors, which means they treat and diagnose conditions using conventional medical tools such as x-rays, prescription drugs, and surgery. MDs complete an undergraduate and medical school education, followed by a residency lasting three to seven years, and the national licensing exam.
DOs and MDs are alike in many ways.
- Applicants to both DO and MD medical colleges typically have four-year undergraduate degrees with an emphasis on scientific courses.
- Both DOs and MDs complete four years of basic medical education.
- After medical school, DOs and MDs obtain graduate medical education through such programs as internships and residencies. This training typically lasts three to six years and prepares DOs and MDs to practice a specialty.
- Both DOs and MDs can choose to practice in any specialty area of medicine—such as pediatrics, family practice, psychiatry, surgery, or obstetrics.
- DOs and MDs must pass comparable examinations to obtain state licenses.
- DOs and MDs practice in fully accredited and licensed health care facilities.
A DO’s additional training in the body's musculoskeletal system can bring an extra dimension to your health care.
- DOs practice a "whole person" approach to medicine. They regard your body as an integrated whole.
- DOs receive extra training in the musculoskeletal system—your body's interconnected system of nerves, muscles, and bones that make up two-thirds of your body mass. This training provides osteopathic physicians with a better understanding of the ways that an illness or injury in one part of your body can affect another.
- Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is incorporated into the training and practice of osteopathic physicians. With OMT, osteopathic physicians use their hands to diagnose illness and injury and to encourage your body's natural tendency toward good health. Although they are trained in OMT, not all DOs incorporate it into their practice.
Like MDs, osteopathic physicians are licensed at the state level. Osteopathic physicians who wish to specialize may become "board certified" (much like MDs) by completing a two- to six-year residency within the specialty area and passing the board certification exams. DOs practice in all specialties of medicine, ranging from emergency medicine and cardiovascular surgery to psychiatry and geriatrics. Most osteopathic doctors use many of the medical and surgical treatments that are used by other medical doctors.
Services
DOs and MDs provide a wide range of services, including:
- taking health histories
- performing physical examinations, including women’s health exams
- making health assessments
- treating minor and serious illnesses
- managing chronic conditions
- recommending and interpreting appropriate diagnostic tests, including lab work, imaging, and other necessary testing
- developing individual health care plans and services, including writing prescriptions or ordering medical equipment when indicated
- making referrals to specialists or other needed services
- counseling and providing emotional support
- prescribing medication as needed
- Performing minor procedures
Sources:
Medline Plus
American Osteopathic Association