How does age affect MS?
Age plays a significant role in multiple sclerosis (MS). While MS is often diagnosed in young adults, the biological changes associated with aging can impact how the disease progresses. As people age, their nervous system becomes less resilient, and the risk of comorbidities increases. "Managing MS can get complicated as time goes on," says Diana N. Andino, MD, Neurology at ARC Four Points in Austin. "As we age, the immune system changes, which can impact how disease presents and increase risk of side effects from disease modifying therapies used."
What conditions are individuals with MS more likely to develop as they age?
As people with MS age, they are at a higher risk for developing additional health conditions, known as comorbidities. These conditions can impact their quality of life and complicate how we manage MS. Some of the comorbidities may include:
- Bone and joint conditions: Reduced mobility and chronic inflammation can lead to osteoporosis and arthritis.
- Falls and fractures: MS-related weakness and balance issues increase the risk of falls, which may result in fractures.
- Hormone changes: Age-related hormonal changes can influence MS symptoms and progression. Learn more about menopause and MS.
- Complications from therapies: Long-term use of certain disease modifying therapies (DMT) may lead to side effects, including infections or organ damage.
- Cancer: Cancer cells can go undetected due to immunosuppression from treatments, which can slightly increase risk of certain cancers in the future.
- Cognitive impairment: Cognitive decline may become more pronounced with age, compounding the effects of MS-related brain changes. Learn more about managing the cognitive impacts of MS.
- Neuropathies: Damage to the nerves can lead to pain, numbness, or tingling.
- Cardiovascular disease: Risk of heart disease and stroke is higher in individuals with MS that have an at risk profile due to metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or hypertension.
What age group is most affected by multiple sclerosis?
"MS is most diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40, but it can affect people at any age," says Dr. Andino. "Children and older adults can also develop MS and can be more difficult to identify unless you are looking for it" Dr. Andino cautions.
Do individuals with MS age faster?
"Research suggests that people with MS may experience accelerated brain volume loss" says Dr. Andino. For example, MS-related damage to the nervous system and chronic inflammation can lead to premature injuries or physical decline. "Regular check-ups with a neurologist and proactive management of both MS and related conditions can help people maintain their quality of life as they age," she adds. Learn more about research regarding aging with MS.
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease (a long-term condition that cannot be cured) that affects the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers, called myelin and can cause axonal degeneration as well. This damage disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body, leading to symptoms like fatigue, numbness, weakness, and difficulty with coordination and balance. MS is a progressive disease (a chronic disease that worsens over time), although the progression varies from person to person. Learn more about MS.
About Dr. Andino
Dr. Andino has a Fellowship in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, from Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, UT Health in Austin. She has been recognized by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society as a Partner in MS Care for her dedication to providing optimal care and support to people living with MS. Dr. Andino speaks Spanish and is currently accepting new patients, ages 18 and older, at ARC Four Points in Austin. Learn more about multiple sclerosis treatment with Dr. Andino.
Make an appointment today with or without a referral
New and established patients can make an appointment with Dr. Andino by calling ARC Four Points in Austin at 737-247-7200. Your ARC primary care physician can also give you a referral to Dr. Andino.
Don't miss this!
Dr. Andino is leading the ARC team for the Austin Walk MS 2025 on Saturday, April 12. Join or donate today!